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''Iris aphylla'' (also known as 'leafless iris', 'table iris' or 'stool iris') is a species in the genus ''Iris'', it is also in the subgenus of Iris, and in ''Section Iris''. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Asia to Europe. It is found in Azerbaijan, Russian Federation, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Albania, Former Yugoslavia, Italy, Romania and France. It has dark green or bright green, sword-shaped, long grass-like leaves, that die/fade away in the winter. It also has a slender stem, with several branches and green and purplish spathes. It has 3–5 large flowers, in shades of bright purple, purple, violet, dark blue, blue-violet and dark violet, which bloom between spring and early summer. Occasionally, they re-bloom in the autumn, before the seed capsule is formed. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. There is one known subspecies ''Iris aphylla subsp. hungarica'' (Waldst. & Kit.) Hegi. ==Description== It is a variable species in the wild,〔Kelly Norris〕 especially in flower colour,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net/plants/Iris/aphylla )〕 height of stem and leaves,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://botanic-life.com/en/pages/370055 )〕 and length of perianth tube (of the flower).〔Thomas Gaskell Tuti (Editor)〕 It has a stout and thick rhizome,〔British Iris Society (1997) 〕〔Thomas Mawe and John Abercrombi〕 with several stem buds.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://irisbotanique.over-blog.com/article-chapitre-i-les-iris-rhizomatous-partie1-123750659.html )〕 The rhizome creeps along the ground,〔Richard Lynch 〕 creating dense clumps of plants.〔Kelly Norris〕 It has dark green,〔 or intense green leaves, that rise directly from rhizome. They later fade to a grey-green colour.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.alltomtradgard.se/faktabank/tradgard/perenner/iris-aphylla-20673 )〕 They are often flushed purple at the base.〔 They are ensiform (sword shaped),〔〔 glaucescent,〔〔 and falcate (sickle-shaped).〔〔〔 They can grow up to between long, and between 2 and 3 cm wide.〔〔〔 The outer leaves are normally shorter than the inner leaves. They are sometimes longer than the flower stems.〔 It is deciduous. Meaning that the leaves die back the winter,〔 and it is leafless,〔〔 also leaving a 'naked' stem.〔 This is why it received the common name of 'leafless iris'.〔 They re-grow in March, the next year.〔 It has a slender,〔〔〔 stem, that can grow up to between tall.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/56176/#b )〕 Very occasionally, they can reach up to between tall.〔〔 They are sometimes the same height as the leaves.〔〔Stephen Reynolds Clarke〕 It is sometimes shorter than ''Iris germanica'', with longer leaves than stems. The stem has 1–2 branches (or pedicels),〔 (rarely 3 branches).〔 The branches appear from the base up to the middle of the stem.〔〔 Occasionally, the rhizome has 2 flower stems,〔 or it produces a branch at the level of the ground, so that two stems appear to arise from the rhizome.〔〔 The stem has 1–2 spathes (leaves of the flower bud),〔 they are green, or stained with purple,〔〔〔Sydenham Edwards 〕 or purple at the apex of the spathe.〔 They are greenish at flowering time.〔 They are narrow and rounded,〔 ovate,〔 oblong or oblong-lanceolate shaped.〔 They can be between long.〔〔 They sometimes have (scarious) membranous tip.〔 The stems (and the branches) hold between 3 to 5 flowers,〔〔〔-->also〔〔〔〔〔--> between spring,〔〔〔 and early summer,〔 between April to May,〔〔〔 in May,〔〔〔Donald Wyman 〕 or between May and June.〔〔Philip Miller 〕〔Richard Morris〕 They sometimes have a secondary bloom in autumn,〔〔〔 between August and September,〔 or between September and October,〔 but it is less vigorous than the spring display.〔 Only if good conditions around.〔 They are open for only a few days.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hnp.hu/en/szervezeti-egyseg/conservation/oldal/batorliget-pasture-nca )〕 The fragrant,〔 large,〔〔〔 flowers are in diameter.〔〔〔 They seem to stand above each other.〔〔〔 They come in shades of bright purple,〔〔〔John Graefer〕 purple,〔〔〔 violet,〔〔 dark blue,〔〔 blue-violet,〔〔〔 dark violet,〔 to dark purple.〔〔〔 In Moldova, there are forms of plants in bright reddish-purple colour.〔 It has a short pedicel,〔〔 that is 0.5 cm long,〔 and a cylindrical,〔 green perianth tube, that is stained purple and 1.6 – 2.5 cm long.〔〔〔 Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.〔 The falls are wide, obovate often retuse (rounded), and long, and wide.〔〔 The falls narrow to a pale, cuneate (wedge shaped) haft (section of petal near stem).〔〔 They are also striped with white,〔〔〔 or the hafts are striped.〔 In the centre of the petal is a whitish,〔〔〔 or white tinged with blue,〔〔 or pale blue beard.〔 They are tipped with yellow at the back (of the beard),〔〔〔 or orange tipped.〔 The standards are oval,〔 with an elliptical limb,〔 and long, and 2.2–3 cm wide.〔 They narrow to canaliculate (with a small channel or groove) brownish-marked haft,〔 or short claw.〔 The standards are slightly broader than the falls.〔 It has pale style branches, that are 0.6–1 cm long,〔 with deltoid crests.〔 It has 1.5 cm long filaments, very pale violet, oblong and 1 cm long ovarys, blue edged anthers and white or bluish pollen.〔 After the iris has flowered, in August,〔 it produces a cylindrical,〔 blunt and triangular,〔 or oblong, hexagonal seed capsule, that is long, and 1.3–2.3 cm wide, with 6 grooves.〔 Inside the capsule, are obovate,〔Vít Bojnanský and Agáta Fargašová 〕 ovoid, globose or pyriform (pear shaped) seeds, that are brown or dark reddish brown,〔 rugose (wrinkled).〔〔 They are 4.5-5.2 mm long and 2.9-3.3 mm wide.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iris aphylla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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